A.R.S. 28-855
Stop signs; yield signs
A. The director, with reference to state highways, and local authorities, with reference to other highways under their jurisdiction, may designate through highways and erect stop or yield signs at specified entrances to the through highways or may designate an intersection as a stop or yield intersection and erect like signs at one or more entrances to the intersection.
B. A driver of a vehicle approaching a stop sign shall stop before entering the crosswalk on the near side of the intersection, or if there is no crosswalk, shall stop at a clearly marked stop line, or if there is no line, shall stop at the point nearest the intersecting roadway where the driver has a view of approaching traffic on the intersecting roadway before entering the intersection except when directed to proceed by a police officer.
C. The driver of a vehicle approaching a yield sign shall slow down in obedience to the sign to a speed reasonable for the existing conditions and shall yield the right-of-way to any vehicle in the intersection or approaching on another highway so closely as to constitute an immediate hazard during the time the driver is moving across or within the intersection. If after driving past a yield sign without stopping the driver is involved in a collision with a vehicle in the intersection, the collision is prima facie evidence of the driver's failure to yield the right-of-way.
Comment: This is the Arizona law for yield and stop signs. In tort law, if one doesn't completely follow the rules for a stop sign or a yield sign, he/she has greatly increased their liability if an accident results.
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A.R.S. 28-856
Emerging from alley, driveway or building
The driver of a vehicle emerging from an alley, driveway or building within a business or residence district shall:
1. Stop the vehicle immediately before driving onto a sidewalk or onto the sidewalk area extending across any alleyway or private driveway.
2. Yield the right-of-way to any pedestrian as necessary to avoid collision.
3. On entering the roadway, yield the right-of-way to all closely approaching vehicles on the roadway.
Comment: If one is coming out of one of these locations (i.e. driveway) one must yield to basically all traffic on the road and any pedestrians.
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A.R.S. 28-857
School bus signs; overtaking and passing school bus; violation; driver license suspension; civil penalty
A. On meeting or overtaking from either direction a school bus that has stopped on the highway, the driver of a vehicle on a highway shall:
1. Stop the vehicle before reaching the school bus, if the school bus is displaying the signal as provided in subsection D and if alternately flashing lights are in use.
2. Not proceed until the school bus resumes motion or the signal and alternately flashing lights are no longer displayed.
B. A bus used for the transportation of school children shall have on the front and rear of the bus a plainly visible sign containing the words "school bus" in letters not less than eight inches in height.
C. A school bus operated on a highway shall cover or conceal all markings indicating "school bus" unless the bus is operated for the transportation of children to or from any of the following:
1. School.
2. School sponsored academic activities.
3. School sponsored vocational and technological education.
4. School sponsored athletic trips.
5. School sponsored extracurricular activities.
D. A bus used for the transportation of school children shall have a signal with the word "stop" printed on both sides in white letters not less than five inches high on a red background. The signal shall be an eighteen inch reflectorized octagon. The operator of the school bus shall:
1. Manually operate the signal in a manner so that the signal is clearly visible from both front and rear when extended from the left of the body of the bus.
2. Display the signal and alternately flashing lights if passengers are being received or discharged while the bus is stopped on the roadway.
E. The driver of a vehicle on a highway with separate roadways need not stop on meeting or passing a school bus that is:
1. On a different roadway.
2. On a controlled access highway and the school bus is stopped in a loading zone that is a part of or adjacent to the highway and where pedestrians are not permitted to cross the roadway.
F. For the purposes of subsection E, a lane or group of lanes on either side of a two-way left turn lane is not considered a separate roadway.
G. A person who is responsible for a violation of subsection A of this section is subject to a civil penalty as follows:
1. The court shall impose a minimum civil penalty of two hundred fifty dollars for the first violation.
2. If a person violates this section a second time within a period of thirty-six months, the court shall impose a minimum civil penalty of seven hundred fifty dollars and shall direct the department to suspend the driver license of the person for not more than six months.
3. If a person violates this section three or more times within a period of thirty-six months, the court shall impose a minimum civil penalty of one thousand dollars and shall direct the department to suspend the driver license of the person for at least six months but not more than one year.
Comment: Arizona, like many other states, has specific rules for driving or passing a vehicle near a school bus. There is a more specific, and likely higher standard of care, that must be followed.
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