A.R.S. 28-736
Use of highway lanes; restrictions
A. If the department or a local authority determines on the basis of an engineering and traffic investigation of a highway under its jurisdiction that the designation of a specific lane or lanes for travel of the vehicles prescribed in subsection B of this section would facilitate the safe and orderly movement of traffic, the department or local authority may designate a specific lane or lanes for the travel of those vehicles and shall erect signs at reasonable intervals giving notice of those lanes.
B. The following vehicles shall be driven in the lane or lanes designated pursuant to subsection A of this section if signs are erected giving notice of that designation:
1. A motor vehicle or vehicle combination with a declared gross weight of more than twenty-six thousand pounds, excluding a motor vehicle designed for carrying sixteen or more passengers, including the driver. For the purposes of this paragraph, "declared gross weight" and "vehicle combination" have the same meaning prescribed in section 28-5431.
2. A vehicle that is drawing a pole trailer that weighs six thousand or more pounds.
C. This section does not apply to a driver who is preparing for a left-hand or right-hand turn, who is entering or exiting a highway or who must necessarily drive in a lane other than the designated lane to continue on the driver's intended route.
Comment: The government has authority to designate specific driving lanes in Arizona based on vehicle class or weight.
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A.R.S. 28-737
High occupancy vehicle lanes; civil penalty; definitions
A. Except as provided in section 28-2416 and subsections B, C, D and E of this section, a person shall not drive a vehicle carrying fewer than two persons, including the driver, in a high occupancy vehicle lane at any time the use of the high occupancy vehicle lane is restricted to vehicles carrying two or more persons, including the driver.
B. If the department receives approval from the federal government allowing the use of high occupancy vehicle lanes by hybrid vehicles, a person may drive a hybrid vehicle with alternative fuel vehicle special plates, or an alternative fuel vehicle sticker, and a hybrid vehicle sticker issued pursuant to section 28-2416 in high occupancy vehicle lanes at any time, regardless of occupancy level, without penalty.
C. During the performance of a tow truck operator's duties, a tow truck operator may drive a tow truck in a high occupancy vehicle lane, regardless of occupancy level, without penalty.
D. A person may drive a motorcycle in a high occupancy vehicle lane at any time regardless of the number of passengers, without penalty.
E. A person may drive a public transportation vehicle in a high occupancy vehicle lane at any time regardless of the number of passengers, without penalty.
F. A person who violates subsection A of this section is subject to a civil penalty of two hundred dollars.
G. Notwithstanding section 28-1554, one hundred dollars of each civil penalty collected pursuant to subsection F of this section shall be deposited in the state general fund.
H. For the purposes of this section:
1. "Hybrid vehicle" means a factory-manufactured vehicle that satisfies all of the following:
(a) Combines two or more power train technologies to produce a vehicle with significantly lower fuel consumption than the average of its class.
(b) Exhibits the storage of kinetic energy by use of regenerative braking and batteries or capacitors, and the stored energy is used to assist or provide full acceleration of the vehicle.
(c) Allows a portion of the energy to be supplied from an internal combustion engine or fuel cell for vehicle acceleration and to store electrical energy on board.
(d) Obtains all energy required to operate from storage fuel tanks placed on board the vehicle.
(e) Has been approved by the United States environmental protection agency as meeting, at a minimum, the United States environmental protection agency ultralow emission vehicle standard pursuant to 40 Code of Federal Regulations section 88.104-94.
2. "Public transportation vehicle" means any vehicle that provides a public entity's public transportation service and either:
(a) Is owned or operated by the public entity.
(b) Is operated under a contract with the public entity.
Comment: The HOV Lanes on Arizona Highways have certain restrictions. Normally a vehicle must have 2 or more people to use the lane at designated times. However, if you drive a motorcylce, hybrid car, tow truck, or a public transit vehicle, you don't have to have 2 or more people.
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A.R.S. 28-751
Required position and method of turning
The driver of a vehicle intending to turn shall do so as follows:
1. Right turns. Both the approach for a right turn and a right turn shall be made as close as practicable to the right-hand curb or edge of the roadway.
2. Left turns. The driver of a vehicle intending to turn left shall approach the turn in the extreme left-hand lane lawfully available to traffic moving in the direction of travel of the vehicle. If practicable the driver shall make the left turn from the left of the center of the intersection and shall make the turn to the left lane immediately available for the driver's direction of traffic.
3. The director or local authorities in their respective jurisdictions may cause markers, buttons or signs to be placed and may require and direct that a different course from that specified in this section be traveled by vehicles turning at an intersection. When markers, buttons or signs are so placed, a driver of a vehicle shall not turn a vehicle other than as directed and required by the markers, buttons or signs.
4. Two-way left turn lanes. If a special lane for making left turns by drivers proceeding in opposite directions has been indicated by official traffic control devices:
(a) A driver shall not make a left turn from any other lane.
(b) A driver shall not drive a vehicle in the lane except if preparing for or making a left turn from or into the roadway or if preparing for or making a u-turn if otherwise permitted by law.
Comment: This Arizona statute discusses the standards for right and left turns. Remember that accidents resulting from left-hand turns will nearly always place some liability on the driver going left.
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A.R.S. 28-752
Limitations on turning around
A person shall not turn a vehicle to proceed in the opposite direction on a curve or on the approach to or near the crest of a grade if the vehicle cannot be seen by the driver of any other vehicle approaching from either direction within five hundred feet.
Comment: For example, if you are over the top of a hill where approaching cars couldn't see you, turning around is prohibited.
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